A Boundary Survey is a fundamental service in land surveying, used to determine and mark property lines. This process is essential for property owners, developers, and legal professionals to establish precise boundary locations, prevent disputes, and ensure compliance with local regulations. In California, one of the main reasons Professional Land Surveyors are licensed is to establish property boundaries.

What a Boundary Survey Entails

A boundary survey involves extensive research, fieldwork, and analysis to accurately define property lines. The process typically includes:

1. Research and Record Examination

• Reviewing historical deeds, subdivision maps, and prior surveys

• Analyzing legal descriptions and recorded documents

• Identifying any potential discrepancies or overlaps

2. Field Survey and Data Collection

• Locating and measuring existing property markers (monuments)

• Establishing control points using GPS and total stations

• Comparing field data with recorded property descriptions

3. Boundary Resolution and Analysis

• Applying boundary law principles to determine the correct property lines

• Identifying encroachments or discrepancies in property descriptions

• Resolving conflicts based on legal precedence and physical evidence

4. Marking Boundaries and Delivering Survey Results

• Setting new monuments where necessary

• Preparing a boundary survey map or plat

• Providing a certified survey report for the property owner

When is a Record of Survey or Corner Record Required?

In California, boundary surveys may require filing official documents with the local county to ensure accuracy and public record transparency. The two most common filings are:

Record of Survey (ROS)

A Record of Survey is required under California Business and Professions Code (BPC) § 8762 when a surveyor:

• Establishes or re-establishes property lines or corners not shown on an official map

• Finds material discrepancies between existing records and physical conditions

• Uncovers evidence that might affect property rights

• Sets new boundary monuments that were not previously recorded

The Record of Survey must be filed with the county surveyor’s office and recorded with the county recorder after approval. This ensures that the results of the survey are part of the public record, reducing future disputes and confusion.

Corner Record

A Corner Record, governed by BPC § 8773, is a simpler document required when:

• A surveyor establishes or re-establishes a public land survey system (PLSS) corner

• A previously recorded corner is reset without a significant discrepancy

• No material discrepancies or new boundary conflicts are found

A Corner Record does not require county surveyor approval but must be filed within 90 days of the survey.

Conclusion

Boundary surveys are a crucial step in land ownership, ensuring clarity in property lines and preventing legal conflicts. Understanding when a Record of Survey or Corner Record is necessary helps property owners and developers remain compliant with California law. If you need a boundary survey for your property, consulting a licensed Professional Land Surveyor ensures that your land is accurately defined and legally documented.